Macro for Python-esque comprehensions in Rust
Macro for Python-esque list comprehensions in Rust.
The
c!macro implements list and hashmap comprehensions similar to those found in Python, allowing for conditionals and nested comprehensions.
# Python Syntax
squares = [x*x for x in range(10)]even_squares = [x*x for x in range(10) if x % 2 == 0]
squares_dict = {key:key*key for key in range(10)}
# c! Syntax
let squares = c![x*x, for x in 0..10];let even_squares = c![x*x, for x in 0..10, if x % 2 == 0];
let squares_hashmap = c!{key => key*key, for key in 0..10};
Note
c!'s has the comprehension's parts, comma-separated.
# Examples
Simpe comprehension
#[macro_use(c)] extern crate cute;let v = [1,2,3,4]; let v_squared = c![x*x, for x in v];
Conditional filtering
let squares = c![x*x, for x in 0..10, if x % 2 == 0]; assert_eq!(squares, vec![0, 4, 16, 36, 64]);
Nested Comprehensions
let nested = vec![vec![1,2,3], vec![4,5,6], vec![7,8,9]]; let flat: Vec = c![x, for x in y, for y in nested]; assert_eq!(flat, vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]);
let nested = vec![vec![1,2,3], vec![4,5,6], vec![7,8,9]]; let even_flat: Vec = c![x, for x in y, for y in nested, if x % 2 == 0]; assert_eq!(even_flat, vec![2, 4, 6, 8]);
Comprehensions over Iterators
let vec: Vec = vec![-4, -2, 0, 2, 4]; let output: Vec = c![x*2, for x in vec.iter()]; assert_eq!(output, vec![-8, -4, 0, 4, 8]);
let vec: Vec = vec![-4, -2, 0, 2, 4]; let output: Vec = c![x, for x in vec.iter(), if *x >= 0i32]; assert_eq!(output, vec![0, 2, 4]);
Function Application
let vec: Vec = vec![-4, -2, 0, 2, 4]; let output: Vec = c![x.abs(), for x in vec.iter()]; assert_eq!(output, vec![4, 2, 0, 2, 4]);
fn square(x:i32) -> i32 { x*x }let vec: Vec = vec![-4, -2, 0, 2, 4]; let squares: Vec = c![square(x), for x in vec]; assert_eq!(squares, vec![16, 4, 0, 4, 16]);
HashMap Comprehensions (Dictionary Comprehensions)
// simple hashmap comprehensionlet squares_hashmap = c!{key => key*key, for key in 0..10};
// hashmap comprehension from an Iterator // NOTE: we have to perform dereferencing: *keylet map = c!{key => keykey, for key in vec![1,2].iter()};
// conditional hashmap comprehensionlet v: Vec = vec![("one", 1), ("two", 2), ("three", 3)]; let map = c!{key => val, for (key, val) in v, if val == 1 || val == 2};
let mut expected: HashMap = HashMap::new(); expected.insert("one", 1); expected.insert("two", 2);
assert_eq!(map, expected);
// conditional hashmap comprehension from an Iterator // NOTE: we perform deferencing when using valueslet map = c!{key => keykey, for key in vec![1,2].iter(), if *key % 2 == 0}; let mut e: HashMap = HashMap::new(); e.insert(2, 4);
assert_eq!(map, e);