Glide: Vendor Package Management for Golang

Are you used to tools such as Cargo, npm, Composer, Nuget, Pip, Maven, Bundler, or other modern package managers? If so, Glide is the comparable Go tool.

Manage your vendor and vendored packages with ease. Glide is a tool for managing the

vendor

directory within a Go package. This feature, first introduced in Go 1.5, allows each package to have a

vendor

directory containing dependent packages for the project. These vendor packages can be installed by a tool (e.g. glide), similar to

go get

or they can be vendored and distributed with the package.

Go Modules

The Go community is now using Go Modules to handle dependencies. Please consider using that instead of Glide. Glide is now mostly unmaintained.

Features

• Ease dependency management
• Support versioning packages including Semantic Versioning 2.0.0 support. Any constraint the [

  github.com/Masterminds/semver

  ](https://github.com/Masterminds/semver)package can parse can be used.
• Support aliasing packages (e.g. for working with github forks)
• Remove the need for munging import statements
• Work with all of the

  go

  tools
• Support the VCS tools that Go supports:
  • git
  • bzr
  • hg
  • svn
• Support custom local and global plugins (see docs/plugins.md)
• Repository caching and data caching for improved performance.
• Flatten dependencies resolving version differences and avoiding the inclusion of a package multiple times.
• Manage and install dependencies on-demand or vendored in your version control system.

How It Works

Glide scans the source code of your application or library to determine the needed dependencies. To determine the versions and locations (such as aliases for forks) Glide reads a

glide.yaml

file with the rules. With this information Glide retrieves needed dependencies.

When a dependent package is encountered its imports are scanned to determine dependencies of dependencies (transitive dependencies). If the dependent project contains a

glide.yaml

file that information is used to help determine the dependency rules when fetching from a location or version to use. Configuration from Godep, GB, GOM, and GPM is also imported.

The dependencies are exported to the

vendor/

directory where the

go

tools can find and use them. A

glide.lock

file is generated containing all the dependencies, including transitive ones.

The

glide init

command can be use to setup a new project,

glide update

regenerates the dependency versions using scanning and rules, and

glide install

will install the versions listed in the

glide.lock

file, skipping scanning, unless the

glide.lock

file is not found in which case it will perform an update.

A project is structured like this:

- $GOPATH/src/myProject (Your project) | |-- glide.yaml | |-- glide.lock | |-- main.go (Your main go code can live here) | |-- mySubpackage (You can create your own subpackages, too) | | | |-- foo.go | |-- vendor |-- github.com | |-- Masterminds | |-- ... etc.

Take a look at the Glide source codeto see this philosophy in action.

Install

The easiest way to install the latest release on Mac or Linux is with the following script:

curl https://glide.sh/get | sh

On Mac OS X you can also install the latest release via Homebrew:

$ brew install glide

On Ubuntu Precise (12.04), Trusty (14.04), Wily (15.10) or Xenial (16.04) you can install from our PPA:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:masterminds/glide && sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install glide

On Ubuntu Zesty (17.04) the package is called

golang-glide

.

Binary packages are available for Mac, Linux and Windows.

For a development version it is also possible to

go get github.com/Masterminds/glide

.

To build from source you can:

1. Clone this repository into

   $GOPATH/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide

   and change directory into it
2. If you are using Go 1.5 ensure the environment variable GO15VENDOREXPERIMENT is set, for example by running

   export GO15VENDOREXPERIMENT=1

   . In Go 1.6 it is enabled by default and in Go 1.7 it is always enabled without the ability to turn it off.
3. Run

   make build

This will leave you with

./glide

, which you can put in your

$PATH

if you'd like. (You can also take a look at

make install

to install for you.)

The Glide repo has now been configured to use glide to manage itself, too.

Usage

$ glide create # Start a new workspace $ open glide.yaml # and edit away! $ glide get github.com/Masterminds/cookoo # Get a package and add to glide.yaml $ glide install # Install packages and dependencies # work, work, work $ go build # Go tools work normally $ glide up # Update to newest versions of the package

Check out the

glide.yaml

in this directory, or examples in the

docs/

directory.

glide create (aliased to init)

Initialize a new workspace. Among other things, this creates a

glide.yaml

file while attempting to guess the packages and versions to put in it. For example, if your project is using Godep it will use the versions specified there. Glide is smart enough to scan your codebase and detect the imports being used whether they are specified with another package manager or not.

$ glide create [INFO] Generating a YAML configuration file and guessing the dependencies [INFO] Attempting to import from other package managers (use --skip-import to skip) [INFO] Scanning code to look for dependencies [INFO] --\> Found reference to github.com/Masterminds/semver [INFO] --\> Found reference to github.com/Masterminds/vcs [INFO] --\> Found reference to github.com/codegangsta/cli [INFO] --\> Found reference to gopkg.in/yaml.v2 [INFO] Writing configuration file (glide.yaml) [INFO] Would you like Glide to help you find ways to improve your glide.yaml configuration? [INFO] If you want to revisit this step you can use the config-wizard command at any time. [INFO] Yes (Y) or No (N)? n [INFO] You can now edit the glide.yaml file. Consider: [INFO] --\> Using versions and ranges. See https://glide.sh/docs/versions/ [INFO] --\> Adding additional metadata. See https://glide.sh/docs/glide.yaml/ [INFO] --\> Running the config-wizard command to improve the versions in your configuration

The

config-wizard

, noted here, can be run here or manually run at a later time. This wizard helps you figure out versions and ranges you can use for your dependencies.

glide config-wizard

This runs a wizard that scans your dependencies and retrieves information on them to offer up suggestions that you can interactively choose. For example, it can discover if a dependency uses semantic versions and help you choose the version ranges to use.

glide get [package name]

You can download one or more packages to your

vendor

directory and have it added to your

glide.yaml

file with

glide get

.

$ glide get github.com/Masterminds/cookoo

When

glide get

is used it will introspect the listed package to resolve its dependencies including using Godep, GPM, Gom, and GB config files.

glide update (aliased to up)

Download or update all of the libraries listed in the

glide.yaml

file and put them in the

vendor

directory. It will also recursively walk through the dependency packages to fetch anything that's needed and read in any configuration.

$ glide up

This will recurse over the packages looking for other projects managed by Glide, Godep, gb, gom, and GPM. When one is found those packages will be installed as needed.

A

glide.lock

file will be created or updated with the dependencies pinned to specific versions. For example, if in the

glide.yaml

file a version was specified as a range (e.g.,

^1.2.3

) it will be set to a specific commit id in the

glide.lock

file. That allows for reproducible installs (see

glide install

).

To remove any nested

vendor/

directories from fetched packages see the

-v

flag.

glide install

When you want to install the specific versions from the

glide.lock

file use

glide install

.

$ glide install

This will read the

glide.lock

file and install the commit id specific versions there.

When the

glide.lock

file doesn't tie to the

glide.yaml

file, such as there being a change, it will provide a warning. Running

glide up

will recreate the

glide.lock

file when updating the dependency tree.

If no

glide.lock

file is present

glide install

will perform an

update

and generate a lock file.

To remove any nested

vendor/

directories from fetched packages see the

-v

flag.

glide novendor (aliased to nv)

When you run commands like

go test ./...

it will iterate over all the subdirectories including the

vendor

directory. When you are testing your application you may want to test your application files without running all the tests of your dependencies and their dependencies. This is where the

novendor

command comes in. It lists all of the directories except

vendor

.

$ go test $(glide novendor)

This will run

go test

over all directories of your project except the

vendor

directory.

glide name

When you're scripting with Glide there are occasions where you need to know the name of the package you're working on.

glide name

returns the name of the package listed in the

glide.yaml

file.

glide tree

Glide includes a few commands that inspect code and give you details about what is imported.

glide tree

is one such command. Running it gives data like this:

$ glide tree github.com/Masterminds/glide github.com/Masterminds/cookoo (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/cookoo) github.com/Masterminds/cookoo/io (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/cookoo/io) github.com/Masterminds/glide/cmd (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/cmd) github.com/Masterminds/cookoo (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/cookoo) github.com/Masterminds/cookoo/io (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/cookoo/io) github.com/Masterminds/glide/gb (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/gb) github.com/Masterminds/glide/util (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/util) github.com/Masterminds/vcs (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/vcs) github.com/Masterminds/glide/yaml (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/yaml) github.com/Masterminds/glide/util (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/util) github.com/Masterminds/vcs (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/vcs) github.com/Masterminds/vcs (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/vcs) gopkg.in/yaml.v2 (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/gopkg.in/yaml.v2) github.com/Masterminds/semver (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/semver) github.com/Masterminds/vcs (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/vcs) github.com/codegangsta/cli (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/codegangsta/cli) github.com/codegangsta/cli (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/codegangsta/cli) github.com/Masterminds/cookoo (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/cookoo) github.com/Masterminds/cookoo/io (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/cookoo/io) github.com/Masterminds/glide/gb (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/gb) github.com/Masterminds/glide/util (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/util) github.com/Masterminds/vcs (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/vcs) github.com/Masterminds/glide/yaml (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/yaml) github.com/Masterminds/glide/util (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/util) github.com/Masterminds/vcs (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/vcs) github.com/Masterminds/vcs (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/vcs) gopkg.in/yaml.v2 (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/gopkg.in/yaml.v2) github.com/Masterminds/semver (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/semver) github.com/Masterminds/vcs (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/Masterminds/vcs) github.com/codegangsta/cli (/Users/mfarina/Code/go/src/github.com/Masterminds/glide/vendor/github.com/codegangsta/cli)

This shows a tree of imports, excluding core libraries. Because vendoring makes it possible for the same package to live in multiple places,

glide tree

also prints the location of the package being imported.

This command is deprecated and will be removed in the near future.

glide list

Glide's

list

command shows an alphabetized list of all the packages that a project imports.

$ glide list INSTALLED packages: vendor/github.com/Masterminds/cookoo vendor/github.com/Masterminds/cookoo/fmt vendor/github.com/Masterminds/cookoo/io vendor/github.com/Masterminds/cookoo/web vendor/github.com/Masterminds/semver vendor/github.com/Masterminds/vcs vendor/github.com/codegangsta/cli vendor/gopkg.in/yaml.v2

glide help

Print the glide help.

$ glide help

glide --version

Print the version and exit.

$ glide --version glide version 0.12.0

glide.yaml

For full details on the

glide.yaml

files see the documentation.

The

glide.yaml

file does two critical things:

1. It names the current package
2. It declares external dependencies

A brief

glide.yaml

file looks like this:

package: github.com/Masterminds/glide import: - package: github.com/Masterminds/semver - package: github.com/Masterminds/cookoo version: ^1.2.0 repo: [email protected]:Masterminds/cookoo.git

The above tells

glide

that...

1. This package is named

   github.com/Masterminds/glide

2. That this package depends on two libraries.

The first library exemplifies a minimal package import. It merely gives the fully qualified import path.

When Glide reads the definition for the second library, it will get the repo from the source in

repo

, checkout the latest version between 1.2.0 and 2.0.0, and put it in

github.com/Masterminds/cookoo

in the

vendor

directory. (Note that

package

and

repo

can be completely different)

TIP: The version is either VCS dependent and can be anything that can be checked out or a semantic version constraint that can be parsed by the [

github.com/ Masterminds/semver

](https://github.com/Masterminds/semver) package. For example, with Git this can be a branch, tag, or hash. This varies and depends on what's supported in the VCS.

TIP: In general, you are advised to use the base package name for importing a package, not a subpackage name. For example, use

github.com/kylelemons/go-gypsy

and not

github.com/kylelemons/go-gypsy/yaml

.

Supported Version Control Systems

The Git, SVN, Mercurial (Hg), and Bzr source control systems are supported. This happens through the vcs package.

Frequently Asked Questions (F.A.Q.)

Q: Why does Glide have the concept of sub-packages when Go doesn't?

In Go every directory is a package. This works well when you have one repo containing all of your packages. When you have different packages in different VCS locations things become a bit more complicated. A project containing a collection of packages should be handled with the same information including the version. By grouping packages this way we are able to manage the related information.

Q: bzr (or hg) is not working the way I expected. Why?

These are works in progress, and may need some additional tuning. Please take a look at the vcs package. If you see a better way to handle it please let us know.

Q: Should I check

vendor/

into version control?

That's up to you. It's not necessary, but it may also cause you extra work and lots of extra space in your VCS. There may also be unforeseen errors (see an example).

Q: How do I import settings from GPM, Godep, gom or gb?

There are two parts to importing.

1. If a package you import has configuration for GPM, Godep, gom or gb Glide will recursively install the dependencies automatically.
2. If you would like to import configuration from GPM, Godep, gom or gb to Glide see the

   glide import

   command. For example, you can run

   glide import godep

   for Glide to detect the projects Godep configuration and generate a

   glide.yaml

   file for you.

Each of these will merge your existing

glide.yaml

file with the dependencies it finds for those managers, and then emit the file as output. It will not overwrite your glide.yaml file.

You can write it to file like this:

$ glide import godep -f glide.yaml

Q: Can Glide fetch a package based on OS or Arch?

A: Yes. Using the

os

and

arch

fields on a

package

, you can specify which OSes and architectures the package should be fetched for. For example, the following package will only be fetched for 64-bit Darwin/OSX systems:

- package: some/package os: - darwin arch: - amd64

The package will not be fetched for other architectures or OSes.

LICENSE

This package is made available under an MIT-style license. See LICENSE.txt.

Thanks!

We owe a huge debt of gratitude to the GPM and GVP projects, which inspired many of the features of this package. If

glide

isn't the right Go project manager for you, check out those.

The Composer (PHP), npm (JavaScript), and Bundler (Ruby) projects all inspired various aspects of this tool, as well.

The Name

Aside from being catchy, "glide" is a contraction of "Go Elide". The idea is to compress the tasks that normally take us lots of time into a just a few seconds.